The Handbook of Emission Factors for Road Transport

The standard for road transport emission calculations

The Handbook Emission Factors for Road Transport (HBEFA) provides emission factors for all current vehicle categories (PC, LDV, HGV, urban buses, coaches and motor cycles), each divided into different categories, for a wide variety of traffic situations. Emission factors for all regulated and the most important non-regulated pollutants as well as fuel/energy consumption and CO2 are included (see Methodology).

HBEFA is a standard data source for emission calculations in numerous studies and other applications (see Use cases). It is the product of a common effort by funding agencies and development partners in six countries (see Contact).

Coordination and application development by INFRAS

Jacek Dylag

Latest News

HBEFA 5.1 release

22.10.2025

We are pleased to announce the release of HBEFA Version 5.1!

Registered and new users can obtain the new version by filling in the registration form on this website under SOFTWARE > GET THE HANDBOOK.

Version 5.1 is a major update. All contents of the Handbook have been updated. Version 5.1 represents a substantial extension of contents compared to previous versions, with additional pollutants, subsegments, and about five times as many base emission factors as in HBEFA 4.2. Furthermore, the new version is implemented as a user-friendlier Python-based client-server solution (as opposed to the previous MS Access-based versions).

An overview and documentation of the updated aspects is available under METHODOLOGY > REPORTS > “HBEFA 5.1 Update Documentation”

Please see the updated help file on this website under SOFTWARE > VERSIONS >HBEFA 5.1 for a quick start with the new application.

Unfortunately, the French country data inputs are slightly delayed. They will be updated in a few days. Since the new application is a client-server solution, it will not need to be downloaded or installed afresh after the update. For the moment, it is just not possible to calculate results weighted with a fleet composition for France.

Announcement

Traffic Situation Application Guidelines published

11.9.2025

Guidelines for the application of the HBEFA Traffic Situation are now online.

The guidelines have been developed to

- promote consistent application of the HBEFA Traffic Situation between users and use cases

- to make methods and experiences developed over time available to all HBEFA users

- and to save users time.

The Guidelines are available on the website of the German Environment Agency (UBA-DE): www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/hbefa-traffic-situations

Announcement

HBEFA 5.1 release time

2.9.2025

We have decided today to move the publication of HBEFA 5.1 to October 2025.

The beta tests have been concluded by end of August. We have received very positive feedback. A few bugs have been identified that we are going to fix in the coming days.

The most important reason for postponing the publication date is that the general level of the new non-exhaust emission factors has been questioned - an issue that we want to investigate further before we publish the new version.

Announcement

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The newest methodology articles for you.

Report

20.10.25

HBEFA 5.1

HBEFA 5.1 Update Documentation

Description of updates with HBEFA Version 5.1

INFRAS, ITnA TU Graz, TU Dresden, ifeu, WSP Sweden, UGE, IVL,SSB

Benedikt Notter, Brian Cox, Konstantin Weller, Martin Opetnik, Martin Dippold, Stefan Hausberger, Stefan Present, Christoph Heidt, Jan Kräck, Michel Allekotte, Wolfram Knörr, Michel André, Boris Vansevenant, Yao Liu, Katja Vuorenmaa Berdica, Thomas Sahlgren, Ake Sjödin, Mike Priestley, Martin Jerksjö, Cecilia Hult, Mona Engedal, Berit Storbraten, Jens Borken-Kleefeld, Pinky Kumawat, Likhitha Potturu

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11.9.25

HBEFA 5.1

HBEFA Traffic Situation Application Guidelines

Guidelines for the classification of activity data by the HBEFA Traffic Situations.

INFRAS, WSP Sweden, ifeu Heidelberg

Benedikt Notter, Brian Cox, Katja Vuorenmaa Berdica, Daniel Sahlgren, Jan Kräck, Christoph Heidt

DE
EN
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HBEFA Documentation

24.2.22

HBEFA 4.2

HBEFA 4.2 Update Documentation

Documentation of updates with Version 4.2

INFRAS, IVT TU Graz, ifeu, IFSSTAR, ADEME, IVL

Benedikt Notter, Brian Cox, Stefan Hausberger, Claus Matzer, Konstantin Weller, Martin Dippold, Nicolas Politschnig, Silke Lipp, Michel Allekotte, Wolfram Knörr, Michel André, Laurent Gagnepain, Cecilia Hult, Martin Jerksjö

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Use Cases of the Handbook

Our Software is used in many projects. Here are some examples.

COPERT

Average-speed based emission model for European national emission inventories

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TREMOD - Transport Emission Model

TREMOD maps motorised traffic in Germany with regard to its traffic and mileage, energy consumption and the associated climate gas and air pollutant emissions for the period 1960 to 2018 and in a trend scenario up to 2050.

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